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A bit about our organization's history.  We've always planned to become a non-profit.  We're working through the paperwork on that now.  Before we had a space of our own, we met at another non-profit that was willing to host us for free.  It was basically two nights a month, and we had one open house and one structured class. It's important to get together to know how many folks will actually stick it out.  At that time we tried to collect dues, but it was hard because we didn't have much to offer.  It was helpful, however, in telling us who was really serious about having a hackerspace.  We started banking a little money that way, but it didn't amount to much.  We ended up collecting about $1800 dollars that way over the course of 8 months.  Finally, Sam through down the gauntlet and offered a 1000 dollar donation if we could move into our space in three months. We had a few other folks match with similar offers, and we ended up with about 7500 in total collections to help us get moving.  We put together an analysis, and our estimates showed that we could end up renting our space for a year if we spent all of that money, and the dues we knew we could get.  At that point, we were reasonably expecting to have about 8 or 9 paying members.  The idea, though, was to get a space.  We had heard lots of people on the fence say that they would pay if we had a space. So, we got a few big donations to get the space going.  So far, we've been successful beyond what we would have hoped.  It's only in the last month or two that we've had enough members to put us in the black.  As mentioned before, we were just hoping to be able to maybe make it to the end of our first year on our lease.  It seems very much like "A Field of Dreams":  If you build it, they will come. :)
The genesis of Knox Makers was a 2011 Craigslist post pitching the idea of forming a hackerspace in Knoxville. Germany's CCC Mainz space and Chicago's i3 space were direct inspirations. Eight folks responded and a dinner at Cafe 4 was arranged to discuss the idea. A loose-knit group formed and began meeting at each others' homes.  


Some notes about our startup that may be useful.  You'll be setting up business accounts for your utilities.  Basically, everything is going to want at least 1 month's deposit. The utilities will look at the history of previous tenants and charge you a deposit equal to the largest bill in their history. Your land lord will probably want one month's rent deposit, plus the first month's rent in advance. We sent out SO MANY DOLLARS just to get ready to move in. Having a big cash cushion is going to be necessary.  We weren't really expecting that, but we were fortunately well prepared with several of our members making big deposits. It cost us almost $3,000 to cover all the deposits, etc, before we even moved in.
We connected with another non-profit who had their own building and was willing to host us at no charge. We were permitted to use their facility on two nights each month. We used one as an open house and the other for a structured class. It was important to get together to know how many folks would actually stick it out. At that time, we tried to collect dues but with little success as we didn't have much to offer. It was helpful, however, in telling us who was really serious about having a hackerspace. We collected about $1800 over the course of eight months.


Anyway, to address your questions:
Finally, someone threw down the gauntlet, offering a $1000 donation if we could move into our own space within three months. A few other folks responded with similar offers and we ended up with about $7500 to help us get moving. With this funding and impetus, we were able to sign a lease on a 1000 sq ft unit in the Tech 2020 incubator in Oak Ridge.   
Insurance requirements vary from state to state. I had no luck at all getting any big corporate insurer to get back with me.  I talked with about a dozen.  The reality is that they have risk categories for stuff, and hackerspace doesn't fit into their risk categories very well, so they weren't willing to work with us at all. I ended up getting a recommendation for insurance from some local folks that own their own small business.  It was another local small business, and they were super helpful.  They end up categorizing us as a vocational school, which I think is a perfect fit.  It covers the teaching the public to use dangerous tools that can kill or maim.  I suppose it's possible that if I told a big commercial insurer to treat us like a vocational school, they'd be able to make that work.  The exact amount and type of insurance that you need will be specified by your landlordWe got a pretty standard $1M blanket liability policy, and I cost us just under $700 per year.  There's a discount for paying all at once, so that's another benefit to getting your cash together up front.


Our utilities are driven by our HVAC.  We have electric DX cooling with a gas furnace heater.  Summer time our electric hit close to $150/month.  Our gas bill hit $100 once, but has been less than that otherwise.  Recently it was less that $20.  That's really going to be driven by the weather. When you get a space, make sure everyone knows that the closeup policy means turning out the lights, turning off the AC, and locking up. That'll help keep costs down.  Our space is about 1000 square feet, and we haven't broken over $150 in total monthly utility costs yet.  Water is free where we are, so we're not using much there. For internet, you pay whatever the local monopoly charges.
We outgrew the Tech 2020 space quickly; it simply wasn't enough room for the tools and projects we envisioned. Most of our potential community was actually in Knoxville, and many of them told us they were unwilling to make the drive to Oak Ridge on a regular basis. These factors limited our growth and spurred us to look for a larger facility within Knoxville. We looked at quite a few places, and even got close to signing some leases, but each ultimately fell through. Cost was often the limiting factor.


As mentioned, the space we are renting is about 1000 s.f., and we're paying 675 in monthly rent.  That's going to be very location dependent.  We could get cheaper per s.f. cost if we went with a larger space, but we couldn't afford that at the time. In newer/more convenient places we could very easily spend way more than that.
The search went on for several years before we finally found a home with Spark (then ETTAC). Like us, they're a small nonprofit driven with more passion than money, so we understand each other well. We had already worked on projects together, mainly their Toy Tech program.


I track monthly income and expenses to track cashflow.  I also calculate a monthly cost, which is all our annual costs divided by 12. That's to make sure that I don't forget to account for once per year costs like insurance and registration fees when seeing whether or not we're making money.  A given month may show positive cash flow, but I want to make sure we're actually sustainable.  Our break even number right now is about $1,000 per month. You should know what that number is you before you sign the lease.  See how many members that works out to so you know how many people you need to reach. You don't need to start there (we were honestly under half that when we started, but we had a fair cash pile), but you need to end up there before the money runs out.  You can do a cash forecast pretty easily in a spreadsheet.
When we originally moved into Spark, only one of the three downstairs bays was available - about 3400 sq ft. We leased it and spent months installing our equipment, improving the electrical service, installing air conditioning, etc. Just as we got it all set up and ready to go, they offered us a second bay. We couldn't say no to all that extra space, but there was a lot of work to be done there, too. We had to redesign the whole workshop, expand our electrical capacity again, rework the lighting, and install dust collection and air filtration systems.


We've done our best to keep other expenses very near to zero while we were working towards sustainability. There are some costs for hosting/registering domains. We've paid for a bit of advertising (mostly in the form of printing flyers that our members distribute).  There's been some safety equipment, too.  And paypal fees.  Man, everyone wants to pay dues electronically, but right now we're paying paypal more than $50/month, so that's a whole membership right there.
Our membership and public Tuesday night exploded after we moved to Knoxville - from about thirty to over one hundred within the first year. The convenience of our new location, coupled with the greatly expanded shop space, made membership a much easier sell. We did lose a few members who live in Oak Ridge, which we regretted.


Our finances from 2012 showed that about 40% of our collections were donations, and the rest were member dues.  A large part of that had to do with the big donations that we received to get us going.  For the past several months we have had mostly just member dues as our collections.  So far, our members have shown no shortage of generosity when we ask for special donations. We wanted to get a 3D printer that belonged to the Space, and we had several people donate $100 on top of their usual dues to help purchase a printer. Even more recently, we needed to have some electrical upgrades made for the new Cray XT4, and when we put out the calls for donations on that, we had all we needed in 12 minutes.  We try not to abuse passing around the hat, and so far it's gone well.
In 2016, another organization adopted a name very similar to "Knox Makers," causing confusion and consternation. We retained an attorney and ultimately persuaded them to change their name. The experience was stressful and time-consuming, however, and convinced us to pursue a trademark on the "Knox Makers" name. Our trademark was issued in late 2017.


Our dues are set at $50/month.  It fits well with the gym membership model. We've not really had much in the way of pushback on it. There are lots of places that charge more.  That's going to be driven by cost of living. You'll need to find a number that works for you.
In 2019, we noted an uptick in interest in blacksmithing and wanted to accomodate it. We had no room inside our facility so we decided to construct an outbuilding on the far side of the parking lot. There was already a disused concrete pad present, so our cost-saving plan was to build a pole barn around it. We applied for and won three grants that enabled us to purchase building plans and materials. Overall, it took about a year for us to go from initial concept to functional blacksmithing forge.


I hope that helps. Let us know if you have any more questions, and good luck starting up a new space! It's pretty intimidating before you do it, but it's really amazing how it works out once you make the leap.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, we transitioned our traditional Tuesday night meetings to a virtual online meetup and closed the workshop completely for several months. As the pandemic abated, we slowly opened back up, first requiring face masks for members working in the shop and limiting attendance, then allowing small classes. We finally returned to our usual Tuesday night meetings after over a year. Our community remained strong throughout, with nearly everyone maintaining their membership and continuing to pay dues despite being unable to make use of the workshop. We even gained a few members!
 
In 2021, we renegotiated our lease to take over the last bay of the basement, increasing our total shop space to about 10500 sq ft. We now occupy the entire basement of our building.
 
As of 2023, Knox Makers has grown to over 350 paying members.

Latest revision as of 19:12, 21 December 2023

The genesis of Knox Makers was a 2011 Craigslist post pitching the idea of forming a hackerspace in Knoxville. Germany's CCC Mainz space and Chicago's i3 space were direct inspirations. Eight folks responded and a dinner at Cafe 4 was arranged to discuss the idea. A loose-knit group formed and began meeting at each others' homes.

We connected with another non-profit who had their own building and was willing to host us at no charge. We were permitted to use their facility on two nights each month. We used one as an open house and the other for a structured class. It was important to get together to know how many folks would actually stick it out. At that time, we tried to collect dues but with little success as we didn't have much to offer. It was helpful, however, in telling us who was really serious about having a hackerspace. We collected about $1800 over the course of eight months.

Finally, someone threw down the gauntlet, offering a $1000 donation if we could move into our own space within three months. A few other folks responded with similar offers and we ended up with about $7500 to help us get moving. With this funding and impetus, we were able to sign a lease on a 1000 sq ft unit in the Tech 2020 incubator in Oak Ridge.

We outgrew the Tech 2020 space quickly; it simply wasn't enough room for the tools and projects we envisioned. Most of our potential community was actually in Knoxville, and many of them told us they were unwilling to make the drive to Oak Ridge on a regular basis. These factors limited our growth and spurred us to look for a larger facility within Knoxville. We looked at quite a few places, and even got close to signing some leases, but each ultimately fell through. Cost was often the limiting factor.

The search went on for several years before we finally found a home with Spark (then ETTAC). Like us, they're a small nonprofit driven with more passion than money, so we understand each other well. We had already worked on projects together, mainly their Toy Tech program.

When we originally moved into Spark, only one of the three downstairs bays was available - about 3400 sq ft. We leased it and spent months installing our equipment, improving the electrical service, installing air conditioning, etc. Just as we got it all set up and ready to go, they offered us a second bay. We couldn't say no to all that extra space, but there was a lot of work to be done there, too. We had to redesign the whole workshop, expand our electrical capacity again, rework the lighting, and install dust collection and air filtration systems.

Our membership and public Tuesday night exploded after we moved to Knoxville - from about thirty to over one hundred within the first year. The convenience of our new location, coupled with the greatly expanded shop space, made membership a much easier sell. We did lose a few members who live in Oak Ridge, which we regretted.

In 2016, another organization adopted a name very similar to "Knox Makers," causing confusion and consternation. We retained an attorney and ultimately persuaded them to change their name. The experience was stressful and time-consuming, however, and convinced us to pursue a trademark on the "Knox Makers" name. Our trademark was issued in late 2017.

In 2019, we noted an uptick in interest in blacksmithing and wanted to accomodate it. We had no room inside our facility so we decided to construct an outbuilding on the far side of the parking lot. There was already a disused concrete pad present, so our cost-saving plan was to build a pole barn around it. We applied for and won three grants that enabled us to purchase building plans and materials. Overall, it took about a year for us to go from initial concept to functional blacksmithing forge.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, we transitioned our traditional Tuesday night meetings to a virtual online meetup and closed the workshop completely for several months. As the pandemic abated, we slowly opened back up, first requiring face masks for members working in the shop and limiting attendance, then allowing small classes. We finally returned to our usual Tuesday night meetings after over a year. Our community remained strong throughout, with nearly everyone maintaining their membership and continuing to pay dues despite being unable to make use of the workshop. We even gained a few members!

In 2021, we renegotiated our lease to take over the last bay of the basement, increasing our total shop space to about 10500 sq ft. We now occupy the entire basement of our building.

As of 2023, Knox Makers has grown to over 350 paying members.